Paper-making machine.



n. KELLEHER.'

PAPER MAKING MACHINE..

APPLrcmoN msn xuLY 10, 1915.

Patentd Apr. 18,1916.

5 SHEETS-SHEET l.

D. KELLEHEH. PAPER' MAKING MACHINE. PPUCATION FILED JULYO, |915. I 41,179,840. k Patented Apr. 18, 1916.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

- D. KELLEHER..

PAPER MAKING MACHINE.-

M u mam/GW D. KELLEHER.

PAPER MAKING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY IC, P915.

1,179,840. Y Patented Apr. 18, 1916.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

"QI QQ@ MIL/7653: Y w' S 82 M A x Mowuy D. KELLEHER.

PAPER MAKING MACHINE.

APPLlcATloN FILED 1uLv10.19|5.

1, 1 79,840. Patented Apr. 18, 1916.

of shell 5, along a narrow longitudinal line,

this slot beingcut through the shell, not in a radial direction but in adirection tangen- -tial to* a .circle struck from the center of 'shell5, as hereinafter explained, the longitudinal direction of this slot,`'being not parallel with the'axis of shell 5 but oblique with referenceto the axis, as hereinafter explained: `8, a narrow slot cut through thebottom of shell 5f and extending about half the .diameter of the bottom,this 4slot being cut obliquely instead of squarely through the bottom,as will be later explained: 9, 'a circular journal-flange projectingfrom the upper portionof the structure forming the vacuum chamber, thisange running in the `bearing formed in the groove between bearfying-plate 2 andVbearing-ring 3 so that the v--entire vacuum pocket canbe freely rotated *l 2 around the margin of shell 5 :V 11, a mov-- ywithreference to pocket-carrier l: l0, a Vgasket carried by the vtop ofbearing-plate r able mold-'carrier adapted to be brought into sealingconnection with gasket 10, this mold-carrier being provided with anaperture corresponding substantially with the top Vof the interior shell5: 12, a continuous wire screen, closed at its bottom and open at* itstop and having its upper end secured as by soldering tov a ring securedto mold carrier 11: 13, a similar wire screen but of v engagement withthe bearing-plate.

- The inner screen 12-is to have its interior formed V1n correspondencewith the interlor A of the paper article to be produced by theapparatus, the drawing illustrating a form suited' for adrinking cup.lThe interior surface of this inner screen is the surface against whichthe paper article is .to be formed and this screen may well be wireycloth of about sixty mesh. TheA outer screen 1,2 is for the purposeofreinforcin'g the inner screen and may well be wire cloth of aboutfortyzmesh. The slots formed in the inner member of the vacuum pocket'Ina -v 'siellbc'a about thirty thousandths of an inc,l 'inwidthI As,the ,vcuuni lpocket is intended to roi 'tate relative to theI mold,thereshould be af o suflicientdegree of clearance between the exteriorof the mold and theinterior of the vinner wall-,5y of the vacuum pocketsuch as ,to prevent undesired-wear of the exterior lwire cloth of themold as the vacuum pocket f rotates, and this clearance should be aslittle as is consistent with vthe preservation ofthe arrasa@ wire clothagainst destructive rubbing. As `the two screens are soldered to collar14 the foraminous character ofthe screens ceases 'at substantially thetop of the inner wall 5 of the vacuum pocket.

Assume, now, that the mold-carrier 11 with its mold, is dissociated fromthe pocketcarrier .l and the vacuum pocket carried by it, and that thegeneral mold structure and p general pocket structure are quite out ofassociation'- with any pulp solution of which the' paper article is tobemade. The moldcarrier 11 is now to be put into association with thepocket, the mold takingl its position within the interior of the pocketin position Vto have the pocket rotated relative to the mold, themold-carrier being in sealing relationship to the pocket-carrier, and

fheld in such relationship by any suitable means, `not necessary to bespecified at the present stage'of the explanation. rThe compound-moldand pocket structure'is now to l be immersed in a pulp solution,preference being given to a bleached vsulfite solution, of about theconsistency used in average Fourdrinier work. Suction is now to beapplied to'vacuum-chamber 5a, through the medium of 'vacuum-pipe 61 Theresult would be that partial vacuum would be produced within the trilingspace around the mold, between its exterior and the inner v"surface ofpocket-wall 5. The suction would draw water and pulp to the innersurface of the mold, the water goingthrough the interstices of the moldand the vacuum chamber 5a and then out through vacuum-pipe 6. This wouldleave a coating of paper upon the inner surface of the mold, and thethick- 'ness of this coating would depend'upon the length of thesubjection of the pulp to the vacuum action. If the inner wall 5 of thepocket were of ajgeneralforaminous character, the paper thus formedwithin the mold would be of a substantially uniform thickness 'and'character, but operation would p be rather slow and uneconomical'byreason of the suction acting upon the vsolution over `too l great anarea to renderl it as effective as might' be desirable. It is for thisreason thatl avoid giving to the inner Wall of the pocketa generallyforaminous character and substitute therefor the narrow slots throughwhich the suction may take place.'v If the 'pocket remains stationaryrelative to the` A mold then'the suction effect upon the mold would be'uponnarrow lines, almost exclusively, but thesuction lupon this line,lsubstantially longitudinal, as regards the inner wall ofthe pocket andsubstantially radial as regards the bottom of the pocket, would becomparativelyv intense-, If, now, the pocket be rotated, relative tov`the mold, the slots will travel in a circular path and allportions-ofthe mold will befsubjected to the intensity of thesuctionLeffect which has ness and, extremely low cost.'

a.-q.'assumed'ashyingbeen operated y hand', a of Single `mold beingdealt With."l vIn my' refined:

machinal arrange 'a yplurality of pocketsflon a. wheelnrevolved b'ypowerin thefvatjlf'` "pulpisolutio'n, and il arrangea'st'l greater-plurality'-offmolds upon an -endless chain 55, drivenby power, whereby.the empty molds are placcdfinsuccession withinthe pockets" 'f."f .the4Wheel and immersed 'in the solution, in the-lvat',"yand ythe paperlinin'gs, v the-1;; molds formed While the molds'are in the vat, 60: amVmolds, being iaterfwaharlawnyfrom fthe; vpocket-wheel and' the .v'atSand carried;A tlrough a drying tinev :to a" .point for-'disc ar "'jmolI will now'p'roceed to describe-these' Cf features. However, beforeproceedingyvith been referredto': This 'permits ofthe rapidpermitsgofthelaying of further sheet'formations within therst deposit,`until the` de sired thickness of 'paper for the article 1s l builtup,all1of the fibers of the paper prov duced within the mold being sointerknit vas .i to produce va homogeneous, paper article.r

'The arranging f the slotstangentially in and to cause a more perfectinterknitting ofthe libere. This-dragging and interknits ting effectupon the pulp. is enhanced by the trailing character of slots 7 and 8and by;

the non-axial disposition. of slot 7 and the link-in the chains:l 17, aplate, one' attached -'toeach' cha-in at each eighth link thereof sothat as thechains aredriven forward they A pull plates 17 withthem,-'ea'c h pair`of"plates `non-radial disposition of slot 8. Y

\ ofthe pocketirelative to the mold has been .carried on forisuchaperioduasvvill produce V25.

jupon. theA interor of. the mold'snchV thickness of paper as is-desiredfon the article to be produced,'thenthestructureis to be removed .from'the-pulp solution-and the surplus so-.

carrier yWiththe mold and its produced .paper and subjected to? a ldrying operation, asfin dry -or hot air. When the 'paper liningof* themold shallfhave been driedfto a suii-vr cient degree, it :will vhaveshrunken. sniiiing the'merit, vof'superior` strengthy and light- As 'ths `'far describedlthe ap la'ratil the driedpaper artlcles fromjthe steadof radially, hasan advantageous ef-Q, `feet in causing 'thesuction-action', as it travi els along the surface of the screen, toexert'` a dragging effect upon the fibers of the pulp' When lthe.`immersion ofv the structure within thepulpssolutiom; and the rotation".

Lwith one of -the mold-carrying plates:' 18,-' a 'palr of stretcher-rodsfor eachpair oflplates y 417, the f construction :being obviously 4such]v lthe'Adescription other" lil shoil-l'd-xl plain', withv reference toFig', 10, that, vvvvlienf@ the e mold-carrier 11 is brought Aintoproperthe inner' walll of the pocketis free tact -With theexfterior ofthemold.' v

" Proceeding-with the 'drawingsz-ll, indicates amold-carryinglplatewhlch is, in reality, the mold carrier 11 previouslyreferer'dto in Fig. 10, except that it carries 'aplurality of j themolds, twobeing shown inthe drawings 16, a pair of endless chains, onechainsome- Awhat beyond each end of plate 15,;there be ingv a number ofthese plates connected with 4' 'the chain, Ymy practice being Vtoconnect onel ofthe mold'carrying plates `at each eighth- 17 5 beingconnected, as ihereinafter. described, v

ythat each. pair of plates 17 4with its stretcherrods cons titutesanvopen frame' having-Teach i end secured to one ofthe` chains:V19,1guide-"general. .planes of "mold-carrying plates-'15 so thatr themold-carrying' plates ymay* slide,

"aways carried by plates'l7and mold-carrying plates 15 and dlsposed iat,right angles 'to the 20afspring disposed ateachend ofeachmoldfcarryinglplate 4and coperatingbegtween the plate. andthechain-carried plates" 17 fand, serving to 1 draw and normally holdvthe'g'moldfcarrying,v lates and their molds'A in a direction outwar ly'away from the-chainst v 21,' a rroller A'mounted near each end ofeachmold-carryingA plate '111 on the vside of the 'platefopposite theside carryingthe 'projects inthe' vat,

and ythen' up out ozf .the solution, the paper.

having ,beenforlnedgupon the' interior of the Tmoldswhile'fit'i's'p'assing throngh the solu` then out of the drying iiue toa point where their contained paper articles may pass, through aconsiderableextent of length of' the drying flue before they leave theii'ue. In my practice the drying 'lue is ofconsiderable length,extending through several stories of the mill, going vertically .fromnear the vat and then horizontally and then vertically to a point forthe discharge of the paper articles Jfrom the molds, my preierence beingthat inlet 23 be located ata point in the horizontal portion of thevflue so that the proper articles are subjected to drying action in theVertical portion of the. flue above the vat and in fthe'major portion ofthe horizontal fluev leadingfrom such vertical portion. The chains, intheir courseof travel, will be guided by guide pulleys ,oITV

sprocket wheels, as will be later explained; I will now explain theconstruction ofthe wheel which carries the pockets in conjunta-'1.

by the-f 5' lbe'givento*the shaft, and the parts carried.y y byz-it, bymeans, ofpowen'applied to the zchains. My preference is v'toapplyj'powerto tion with which the molds carried chains coperate.

' Y Proceeding with the drawings, and-giving special attention to Figs.3 and 5, incidentally referring to other figures o the draw# ings 26,indicates a shaft journaled in the vat and extending across through theloops ofrthe chains disposed within the vat:

27 a circumferential series of longitudinal passages in the shaft, oneend of' each passage being closed while theopposite ends f open from theshaft at a point outside the vat: 28, a suction-pipe coupled to theouter end of the shaft 26 and in communication L with thelongitudinalpassages 27, inthe shaft, this suction-pipe being adaptedVJfor connection with any' suitable suction appaf ratus adapted tomaintain ya rnoregorl less perfect vacuuminthe longitudinal passages'yof the shaft-29, a "swivel coupling Auniting pipe 28 with the shaft,thisvswivel coupling being of any suitable or usual character such as isof common vemployment -in connecting a fixed pipewith end of arotating-- conduit: 30, a pair o rocket-wheels f on shaft 26, in linewit vvthe two chai-ns, and-engaging the loopsl of those chains withinthe vat: 31, awi'de wheel fast on vshaft 26,'

between the two chains 16 and carrying iny lits periphery a plurality'ofpairs of the pockets 4t, the drawings illustrating the wheel :as beingprovided with siX pairs of these pockets, this wheel forming, inreality', the

pocket-carrier 1 previously referred to, the

vacuum pipes .6 of each pair of thepoclrets being connected, by rswivelcouplings, 'with passed through the drying-j one ofthelongitudinalpassages 27finshaft, each. longitudinal passagetherefrnfeA communicating with a pair Aof thepocket's:` i

chains andguiding the chains in their path 6 of a given pocket with theother vacuum# i pipe of the pair, in such manner-that when one of thevacuum-pipesfwith 'itspocket 1s 'rotated the other pocket will rotate inunison.;f`4 lf, now, rotary. motion be giveni to shaft 27 by any meanswhatever, thechains 'will be `caused to move ythrough their endlesspaths-'and carry the-pairs of moldsin'fsucvcession nlown into the vatandfthrouigh the) pulpsolution therein and then-out of theV44 vat andthroughthedrying lue,*and. again to the vat.l At the same vtime thepocketwheel 3 1 upon the shaft willcarry the pairs of pockets in a-circular'path down-'into -and" 'throughfand outof the solutionin the.vat.

And at the-same? time, alsofthe're 4 will'gloe i maintained amore orAless perfect vacuuminv some of the passages 27 inftheshaf and.

the-vacuum potes, constatata stai-0f` said passages' 27 v as are undersluctir'm.` yThe constructingfengineer .will'unders'tand that u motionmaybe given tothe chainsby turn.-

ing the ,shaft 'byrpowenor that motion may the chains in 'a manner to belater explained. I will now explain the means preferred which suction is` maintained onsuc'l'ifi" the vacuum "pockets as :are immersed-in `the)solution 'i .f Continuing with ing' special considera- 1 6 :-31,indicates ap'ai awingsffandfgivj .100' by me for causing theeniptymolds-"t0 suc'- cessively enter the vacuum pocketsand'- be sealedthereto as thefmoilds enter-the solu- .i i tionand be maintained in that-conditionunvtil lthe pockets,fwith their containedmolds, 'leave thesolution, and, also the means .by

within the vat 'around the'fshait'inlinewith and adapted.; tohave'theirjinterior unc'- tional .surfaces engaged by 'fthe .rollers l21 .iis

carried by,thenicldfcarrying-platesl 35 1 (Fig. 1) `oneofthepaperarticles which has dropped from its'naold after the mold haslagainst' the'fouter 'end of shaft ,-26 vand centraily doweledfthereto:37, port through this registervalte -c' nim1unicati ng with such withpockets im'mersed in thev 'solution `vin and .through .the suction-pipe,.28:."39," a

spring cooperating with the r =giste'r-valveand tendingitohold'ittightly against the' 36,@ regisi y.

ofpassages 27 in ,thef'sh'at as correspond oiuter end ofthe shaft 27,which outer end l fthe shaft forms the ported valve-seat 'for theregister-valve: andv 40,. an adjusting lever attached to valve-stem 38and serving as means by whichl the register-valve may be angularlyadjusted.

Normally the molds are carried with their axes at right angles to thestraight running portions of .the chains, the smaller ends of the moldsprojecting toward the inner portions of `'the chains. Looking at Fig. 3,the lefthand portion of the chain has brought a mold-carrier with itsmold downward toward the pocket-wheel. The chains at this point thenbend under theappropriate ones of guide-wheels 32 and then pass aroundsprocket-wheels 30 carried by the shaft. The relative arrangement ofparts and the timing of the motions is such that as the chains taketheir bend as they approach the pocketwheel a pair of ther molds will beopposite a pair of pockets, and the rollers 21 pertaining to the givenmold-barrier will enage the entry throat of cam 3 4, the result eingthat as the' chains carry the mold- 'carrier downward the cams cause thepair vof molds to enter the= appropriate pair of pockets against theresistance of spr1ngs`20 (F ig. 8). The continued action of the camscauses. the molds togo completely home 1n their pockets and causes theseallngof the molds to the bearing plates to be effected.

i In the seating of,the molds within the pockets the bevels on collars14 (Flg. 10)

'brings about the accurate centering of the molds within the pockets.The given molds have` thus become uniiied with and sealed to the givenDockets, bringing about lthe condition illustrated in iigflO, and. thiscondition of parts shouldbe reached -by the v time the given pockets andmolds have. gone down into the solution in the vat. .Thevat should beprovided with the usual appurtenances for supplying it with solution andAmaintaining it at level.

The'seal'ed relationship between-the molds Aand pockets' is maintainedby the`4 cams,

' solution. p

- turesi successively vrise from` the, solutioni they reach the terminalend of; the cams,-

.and are carried' up to andthrough `while the .molds and pockets 'are sfeepiililg down into-and through and 'up ou- As the mold and 'pockestrucand the molds withdraw from the lpockets 'ing Hue.

While the molds are passing through*theiz ...:solution the v'solutionfills their interiors .and

suction draws the fibersxtoward the'interio'r of the mold and extractswater therefrom,

the duration of the subjection ofthe molds to "immersion in the solutionbeing suchf that bythe time the-molds leavethe solution lthere will havebeen formed within 'the molds a paper of desired thickness.- Snc-1..

a substantially constant tion from pipe 28 reaches .all .of such.shayft" passages 27 as pertain to immersed molds,

port 37 in the register valve permitting this condition toI exist.Between the time when'molds leave the solution and the time when moldsenter the solution, the blank portion of theregistery valve beco-meseffective in closing appropriate ones of shaft passages 27 'so thatsuctionis being exerted upon immersed moldsonly. The register valve may,by means of lever 40,. be ad# justed to positions of angular advance orretreat best suited for the vacuum. v Reference will now be made to the'apparatus preferredy lfor [driving the chains and pocket-wheel and v forrotating thethe .conservation of pocketswhile the' pockets are engagedby the molds.

. Proceeding with the drawincgs, particularly to Figs. 1, 3 and 5:-41,indicatesa worm-shaft: 42, .a worm-gear connected: with a pair of thegulding sprocket-wheels over which the chains turn: 43,'-1a worm on 1the worm-shaft, this worm being in engagement with worm-gear 42: 44,' a'belt forY giving nio-tion to the worm: 45, a sproc-ket- 'wheel loose onshaft 27: 46, a bevelear".y vloose on the shaft 'and fast with sprocet-f` wheel 45:- 47, a bevel-gear ,fast on each of 'the .vacuum-pipes 6vpertaining 'to the pockets onl that side of pocket-wheel 31,.

which is nearest .bevel-gear 46, all of the' bevel-gears '.47 engagingthe bevel-gear 46 148, a chainVv driving sprocket-wheel v45:49,

a shaftz" 50, a sprocket-wheel on shaft 49 and engaged by the. chain 48:and 51, a belt lto-ive rotary motion to shaft 49.

ontinuous rotary `motion being given `to shaft 41 causes thecontinuousadvanceof the chainF in jsu'ch direction'that the chain@carries the .molds in succession down vinto.

and through thesolution in the vat `and then i 'up through theldryingiu'e and thence back 'f '110.44

tothevat. C Rotary motion imparted'to shaft 49 causes the. `rotation of'beve1gear.46. and all of bevel-gears 47, and, consequently,vto all'ofthexvacuum-pockets at-gonev Vside 'of the pocketwheel, the' gears 33,heretofore ree. fer'red to," causing this series of. pockets` to; f

transmit rotary ymotion to thelse'rie'sof pockturn in the,idirectionopposite lto f that in their 'axesmight be driven in constant unison, it,isf my preference f that vthe vrc hair'isl be vso 1.driinan that theirv speed may be vindependent of the speed of rotation of' 'theA pockets,and' 11eit is obvious that the chains-,16, andv j e as iii-thearlving-system'ilins" mylix j vinggthe chains and yfor rotating theets'fb'e-'under'control as to speed', this bef ng'r'eadily'iieiected..byany usual system Of p eed-changing mechanism incorporated into'itlierjork bpth-vof fthe-drives. The. speed of, hechains should besuchthat a given mold Vwilli consume such time inpassing through:..i-"the solution in the vat that it will accumu- 'f late upon-itsinterioril such thickness ofpa- Hper-as yis desired `for the article tobe pro- -duced. This'speed for the'` chains will be 'dependent to`someiextent upon the character i ofthe' pulp-solution employed 'and uponthe v ticle to`fbe\ reduced.. The lrate* of yaccumuflation ofthe.interlmittedl bers of pulp l 20S 'fr-p'endentfu on the same"circumstances `as thickness desired for the paper aruponthe'. interiorof the mold willl rbe de-l above;'nc-ted,` and also 'upon thefeiiiciency of feo! thef'suction' action upon the exterior of the flmoldgand the; rate of rotation of the vacu-v -mfpcket relative 4to' theadvance ofthe mold ,throughfthe solution' should' be ad- ...'ju'stedaccordingly. :1

-Brietlyxs'tated, the-endless chains carry a fforaminous meld;4 thewheel-carries av vacu-v umfpocket; the advance ofthe chain causestheimold'to be insertedy into and'pllt in'sealed iconnectionwith thepocket; the combined. -f Imo'ldand' pocket passes through thepulpsf'lution;v the movement ofthe combined-- mold and pocket throughthepulp-solution -brin s about 'the agitationlofthe pulp-$01117 f1 tion `1nthevat: .while so passing, the vaolmn'if pocket' causes suction 4nponthe exterior of thefmold and drawspulp lto the. interior. of themold,and draws water from the pillp';

' kwhen the-mold vhas passed through the solusurface, a vacuum-pocketsurrounding said" @tion it,l with 'its contained' paperflining, is 4withdra'wn4,from its' vacuum-pocket; the. `mold with its' paper liningthen goes through the drying flue and"becomes dried and "the .L2 lining.shrinks; the mold fis then inverted* andthe'paperflining dropstherefrom; the'l f surface,- a. reinforcement' offcoarserlwire A'clothclosely surrounding saidmold,.lj

empty. mold is carried again to a' vacuum? features of 4'constructionset forth.' a;

receive 'la depositaofl pulp upon its interior I' l pocket'to causesuction through `the forami- `nous wall ofthe mold, said combined ymoldreference i* that; the mechanism stantiallyas set forth, y

8., A paper-making machinel comprising,4

f lar surrounding .fthe open end of `the reinforcement andmold, solderlI lniting the *open fg p 'r'merely exemplifying'-.characterg'f-it ha 'lQ fbee'nfmy intention 'to set orththeprinciple :of invention and thebest modeinwhich ciple.

l. A paper-making machine comprising? f an open-ended ;foraminousv-`mold *presentinglits open yend' outwardly and adapted vtol at presentAcontemplate applying: that 1 iirin-j l I p 'f 'y thefwirecflothWheretheyengage thecol-f intenso.'

`and vacuum-pocket being adapted for conv y joint immersion in a body ofpnlp-solution,

a vat `adapted to contain pulp-solution Yin `whichl the combined mold@and l vacuum pocket may be immersed, and operativevo means vforimmersingthe combined mold and 4 vacuum pocket in the pulp-soluticn in'the vatandfor withdrawing it therefrom at a. i l dierent point and for moving thecombmed mold and vacuum pocket through the pulp- 75 solution in the vatfrom the point of immersion to the point of withdrawal, combinedsubstantially asset forth.

2. A papermaking machine c o-mprising,`l

an open-ended foraminous mold Vpresenting 8o vits open' end outwardlyand adaptedto refceive a' deposit o fppulp upon its interior surl face,a v`vacuum-pocket surrounding said.i mold,l the.' mold being separablefrom the vacuum ,pocket by direct withdrawaljin anf's axialline-,operative means for inserting the mold intol land withdrawing itfrom the p vacuumpocket inl an laxial directiomanda suction connectionto said vacuum-pocket ,to cause suctionfthrough the foraminolrs] walllso of thev mold,l said combinedgqmoldi andv l vacuumfpocket beingadapted for 'immersien=l 1n a body'of pulp-solution,combinedif's b.

95 a mold formed of wire cloth and-adapted to' receive a deposit of pulpupon its, interior surface, :a reini orceinentv "of coarser 'wire` clothclosely surrOundingsaidmOld, a colf ends 4of the mold andl reinforcementto` they collar and' illingthe interstices' of vthe wire cloth vszherethey engage thelcollar, and' a f bearinglplate adapted to vreceiveythe united fnoldl andjcollar and make engagement'-with:

ies

the collar byaxial motionfof thefmold withf reference' to-'the'bearing-plate, combined sub-v aegmold formed'- of wirejc'l'ot:and'adapted to laravacuum-pocket adapted' to receive-said.' *i

m'oldgand a bevel seat at the; entrance to thef.

pocket and `adapted to receive` the .bevel of said collar and accuratelyposition themold 125 within thecollar, combined substantially as setforth. I V

5. A papergmaking machine comprising, a foraminous mold adapted toreceive a deposit of vvpulp upon' its interior surface, a .1.30

acircumferentialprogressive manner dur-` ,f mg

"f7 es alvast@ {'vacuum-'poclret l surrounding I the mold.' andljournaled with reference thereto so lthat the mold and'pocket may begiven rotary motion relative to :each'other, an inner wall for 5Qthevacuumpocket disposed in as close relations'hip vto the :mold as isconsistent with f their. relative-rotary motion, .and av narrow v slotextending'longitudinally of andthrough said-'inner'wa1l, wherebyafsuction eifect is Y' produced 'upon-the exterior of said mold inbinedsubs'tantially as set forth, l

6.|.1A; paper-making '-'inachine comprising,

f posit-"pf pulp'uponits interior surface, a

vacuuinpocket surrounding1-`the mold and journaledwith reference'theretoso'that the vmold and y'pocket may be. given rotary motion relative toeachother, an inner wall for the .vacuum-pocket disposed in. as closerelationship to themold' as is consistentwith 4 theirrelativegrotarymotion,A and 'a narrow slot 'extending longitudinally of and through.said wall, whereby la suction effect is produced upon theexterior kofsaid moldpinla circumferential progressive manner duringv ysuch relativerotation of the parts, said slot -passing through said .wall in adirectiontanvgential'toacircle struck from the center' of n relativevrotation-i of the parts p and at such 'angle that'the part of the slotat the' exterior of the'lwall willbe in angular advance of the art;v Yhe'slot nearest the mold, combined substantially as set forth.-` y f 17.,A 'paper-making machinecomprising, j a vacuum-pocketformed with aninner and an outerwall .theljnnenwall being perfolir'iterior 'of theinnerl wall of the vacuumpjocket, said moldbeing separable from the'yacuum-pocket,.and means for 4securing the I ii' "f "imoldinsealedrelationship to the vacuum- '.pocket, combined substantially as setforth. v8. A' paper-making machine comprising, a"vacuumpocketformed withan inner and anouter wall ftheinner wall'being perforated,` a foraminousmoldl adapted 'to the interior of ,theinner wall of the vacuumpocket,saidy mold being separable from the 'vacuum-pocket, means for securingthe mold i -in sealed relationship to the vacuum-pocket,

' ajournal-connection ybetween the vacuumpocket and the mold, and meansfor rotating 'both walls ofthe vacuum-pocket relative to the""mold,combined substantially as set A, -;'9. A.l;p'ap`e`rmaking `machine.comprising, a pocketlcarrier, a vacuum-pocket connected V Hm-,ggfprojecting outwardlyvv .from` vthe --vacuum pocket and journaled 1n thepocketi "barrier, Combined substantially as set forth.

j -,1` Amper-making machine comprising,

t va. pocket-carmen having an openingfor the aforamin'ous mold adaptedtoreceive a dewith' the pocket-carrier, and an annular' reception of avacuum-pocket, a bearingplate and bearing-'ring secured at the margin ofsaid opening and separated from each other to form a bearing-groovebetween them, a vacuum-'pocket disposed within said opening, and anannular flange projecting outwardly from the vacuum-pocket andyjournaled in said groove, combined substantially as set forth.

y11. A paper-making machine comprising,

a pocket-carrier provided with an opening for the reception. of avacuum-pocket, a

vacuum-pocket journaled in said opening andy adapted for the receptionof a foraminous mold, and a vacuum-pipe connected vwith thevacuum-pocket and having its axis in line with the axis of thevacuum-pocket, combined substantially as set forth.

12. A paper-making machine comprising, a foraminous mold adapted toreceive a deposit of pulp upon its interior surface, a vacuum-pocketsurrounding said mold and separable therefrom in an axial direction,

, a pocket-carrier connected with the vacuumpocket, and a gasket carriedby the pocket carrier and adapted to seal the connection between themold vand the vacuum-pocket, combined substantially as s et forth.

^ 13.151 paper-making machine comprising,

a vat adapted to hold a pulp-solution, a pocket-wheel journaled in saidvat on a horizontal axis and adapted to dip a portion of its exteriorinto the'solution in the vat, an outwardly open vacuum pocket formed insaid wheel, means for maintaining a vacuum in said vacuum-pocket duringa nous mold adapted to receive a deposit of pulp upon its interiorsurface and having anexterior surface adapted to the interior of thevacuum-pocket, and means for secur- Ing the mold in sealed relationshipto the vacuum-pocket and for maintaining such relationship while thewheel carries the ing a vacuum in said vacuum-.pocket during a partl ofthe rotation of the wheel, an endless chain having a portion surroundingthe axis of the wheel and dipping into the solution' in the vat, aforaminous mold carried by said chain and having its exterior adapted tothe interior of the vacuum-pocket, and

means for moving the chain and pocket- -wheel in unison in such mannerthat the Vmold may enter and connect with the pocket and then be carriedaround with the pocket part of the rotation of the wheel, a foramiing avacuum in said vacuum-pocket during of thevacuum-pooket, and means formoving the chain and pocket-wheel-inunison in bined substantially as set`iorth. such manner that the mold may enter and lconnect With the pocketand then be cara part of the rotation ofthe Wheel, a dryinglue, anendless chain having a portion surrounding the axis of the Wheel anddipping into the solution in the vatl and having a portion passingthrough said drying-flue, a

Aorarninous mold carried by said. chain and having its exterior adaptedto the interior ried around with the pocket .through the solution andthen out of the solution and .out of the pocket and through the dryingliueand back-to the vat, combined substanatiall-y as set forth.

16,y Ia ivatgadaptedl to contain a pul -solution, a S

A paper-making Inachine comprising,

pocket-wheel journaled in sai vat on a horizontal ,axis andadapted todip a por-v tion of' its exterior into the solution in the' vat, anoutwardly open vacuum-pocket formed, in said Wheel, means for maintain-V"in-g a vacuum in sald vacuum-pocket during a part of the rdtation ofthe Wheehfa dryingintol the solution in the vat and ue, an endless chainhaving a portionsrrrounding the axis of the wheel' and dipping havin fa?portion passing through said dry and having a horizontal portion running1n- 'ga path toward the vat, a foraminous'niol v. v carried by Asaidchain. and having `its' exige rior. adapted to the interior of the'vaoumy"pocket and then be carried around tpocket through the solution andthenjout through th drying-flue andbackjthroug' said horizontal portion4on its" WajT 'tot th vat5 whereby a paper article forrnelinthel moldwhile passing through the Vati-fand lpoclmt-Wheel in unison in suchmannert pocket, and means for moving the ohainfan t the mold may enterand connect withth the solution and out of the p'ocketlfan dried Whilepassing through the drying-flue --may drop from the. mold while passingV .eombined substantially as setforth.

through said `horizontal path. of the chain,

" 17. A paper-making machine comprising,

a vat adapted -to contain a pulp-solution, a pocket-wheel iournaled insaid vaton'a hon-j zontal'axis and adaptedv to dip a' portionvofi-tsexterior` into the solution'i'n the-vat, an'

outwardlyV onen 'vacuum-pocket formed'in 'said wheel. means formamtaxmnga vacuum vacuuni-'poaketjduring a rotation ofthe' wheel;ad'rying-fiue' having avertical portion` leading ulpwardly;

frm said yvat andv then horizontally .and then dowhwardly,: an endlesschain-havingap'ortion surrounding the axis lof V the Wheel 'and dippinginto theI solutiondnnthefvat and passing through: said drying-flue,aforamiv nous 'mold Carried bysaidc'hainland havvwith the pocket throughthe solution .and

with the pocket andv then be carried around;

-- then out of the' solution andvoutv of 'the pocket and through thedrying-flueandloack-` f to the vat, andy guide-Wheels for supporting andguiding the chain' in' its p assageLcom- 18. A paper-making machinecomprising,l

a vat adapted to contain a pulp-solution, a pocket-wheel journaled insaid vaten a horizontal axis and adapted to dip a portion of i itsexterior into the solution-"in the vat, anv

outwardly open vacuum-pocket formed in sald Wheel, means for maintaininga .vacuum in lsaid vacuum-pocket during al part' ofthe rotationl of theWheel, an endless chainthav-v ing a portion surroundingthe axis of thewheel and dipping into the solution vin thevat, 'a `foraminous moldcarried by;y said f 'chain and-having. its exterior adapted fte,

"fthe interior of the vacuum-pocket, ainold-` .carrier connecting thevmold with the' chain;A

guidescoperating between the chain 'and I `Inold-carrier and! permittingthe mold 'to I be i projected inw-ardlygof;f the cham.' springs v"coperatingy with:

their rier and holding it 'horizonta1. faxisi and' adapted vto dip "i apor-r heiratet tion ofit's-exterior into the solution inthe; l.

vat, an i'outw'ardlyz. open vacuu1'n-p cketzv formed-in @saidl wheel',means for maintain-l y'ing a vacuum said vacuum-pocket during i 'axis of-4 the wheel and dipgping Tinto. the" solution ilfthe vat,fa7fora1n1nousmold carried by said chain 'and-'having itsbxterior adapt- IapartQofthe rotation, o fgthe wheel, an 'endv suctionpp-izpe' While thepockets comrnunicat ing with'the respective passagesa're passing throughthe solution in the vat and to close communication .between the passagesand the suction-pipe While the respective pockets are movingoutside ofthev solution, andl a -swivel'ed connection. in eachv of said,vacuum-pipes to permito'f the rotation v of the vacuum-pockets upontheir` axes Whileth'e pockets are' passing `through the "solue fpassage,an outwardly open vacuumpocket swiveied to saidlva'cuuna-p'ipe',and"adapted`- g f to be carried into-and l through-the'solutiony by' the turni'x'g'{olfthe. "shaft,l and means as-V sociatedWi'thfthe vacuum#pocket` and shaft l as solutionfbythe turning'(if-Itho' Shaft, a beveltion, .combined` substantiallylas set forth. 25.A paper-makingV machine. comprising;v a vat adapted tocontain.pulp's'olution`,'=z .aj shaft journaleli'f'll' the' yvatonfaQhorizontal-'f axis and' provided with a'longitudinal-suc tionpassagc, niean s or'lrotatinglthe shaft, ya vacuum-pipe extending"radially fronzfthef 'shaft and connectedwith saidzlo'ngitudinal.

a. vacuuinspipe extending vradially from the "shaftljandg onuectedf'withsaid :'longitudi-- to cause the Yacuumfpocket to turn upon its axisWhile the Vacuum-pocket is passing ,throughthe solution, combinedsubstantially asseafbrth.

shaft journaled inthe vat o'n a horizontal axis' While theVacuum-pocket'. is-"passing` through the solutioni the means for turningthevacuuIn-pocket upon'itsf-axis'ibeing. independent of the meansfor'rotating the shaft;

" axis 'andgprovded with a' lODgtldina Sncf tion passage, means forrotatin thefshaft,

a vacuum-pipeextending radial y/ from the.-f shaft and'connectedwithsaid longitudinal passage, an outwardly open {vacuum-' ocket swiveled to`said :vacuum-pipe' anda apted. tofbe` carriedy into v and through thesolution 1 fb the turning "of the 'shaft', and n lea'n's assoy ciat'edWith 'the vvacuum-pocket 'and'.sha'ft to 1.,

cause lthe Vacl'luInpochet toA turn fupon*its Y combined substantiallyassetfforthfgi.'

a vat adapted'to' contain pulpsolution,'a-

said vacuu1n-pockets uponi ingconnectmg the vacuum.

the shaft, meansfo tatm'g one of tiallyas set forth.

28,v A paper-making machine comprising,

' 26., vpaper-rnfaking' machineivconop'risiiig;` Va vat' adapted' to.contain pulpsolutiong. a.v

*With-th'eren-je ff-'O sages af 12T-AJ paper-making mahlewmprisingf'1* avat adapted .tov contain a`fpul-p-jsolution,ja 5 -Y shaft j ourn'aledtherein. on' aghori'zontalfax'is" 'andf provided withja{longitudinal-'suction p passage,- meansfor .rotating the shaft,.iafp1uralityof vacuumspi es;

, p ckets-"to cause their rotation m unison, combined substanaxis andprovided with a longitudinal `suction-passage, means for rotating theshaft,

a Vacuum-pipe extending radially1 1 0 I11 the shaft andlconnected'withsaid longitudinal yShea journled lin the vat' onl a; hoizcnfaij passage;an*v outwardly. open vacuum-pocket substantiallyas set forth? causingtherotationo'f. the pocket, combined. i

29'. A paper-.makingpmachine comprising, a v at adapted to containypulp-solution, a

tionpassage,j means for rotating the shaft,

nalpassag 'outwardlyop'en vacuumadapted v:to bei-r carried into'andthrough the' gear connectedWith'A 'said' 'vacuurwpocket a turning the'bevel-gear on the shaft being independent f of.' the i. means for fturning the of 'the s eed vofi rotation ofthe' shaft,V comacfapaperfmakinggm chine-comprising,

lonsitudnallriisseges@naarme .endfofiit e S arr heir "vidual pockets-of'a longitudinal series, a

bevel-gear connected with one of the .pockets of each longitudinal,Iseries of pockets, a bevelgear loose on the shaft and engagingshaft'jornaledfin'fthe, vat on-'a horizontal axis and. provided with 'avlongitudinal sucshaft iniorder that-"the i"sfpee'dfjofv rotation ofthepockeil lupon Vitsv axisimaybe independentving- .Swfrelea'fwcom Ythe: bevel-gears ofj the pockets, means vfor 13 'upwardly from vthe vat,an inlet for dryingalr into said flue,- a pair of endless chainsengaging said sprocket-wheels and having portions passing through saiddrying-Hue,v

uide-wheels-engaging the chains and causing them 4to make theirnecessary turns,

plates carried by the chains at such intervals as to appropriately matchthe pockets in the pocket-wheel as the chains pass around saidsprocket-wheels, guides carried by said plates atsubstantially rightangles to the chains ywhen the chains are straight, mold- Vcarriersengaging the guides of said plates and adapted for inward and outwardmovement relative to the chains,l springs coperating with said platesand mold-carriers and v tending to hold the mold-carriers in normaloutward position, foraminous molds carried by the mold carriers andadapted to enter the vacuum-pockets inthe pocket-wheel and be carried invsuccession through the solution by the turning of the pocket-wheel, andcams disposed within the vat and adapted to cause the molds to enterinto and remain in connection with the pockets while the pockets arebeing carried through the solution, combined substantially as set forth.

DANIEL KELLEHER. Witnesses:

Gao. EMMONS, SIDNEY FROHMAN.

